Odontoclinica

El “TAC” -Tomografía axial computarizada- ha cobrado un inusitado interés en la población odontológica. De hecho, es el segundo tema más requerido en el sitio de Odontoclínica en el último año. Lo anterior podría se consecuencia del auge de los implantes en nuestro medio, aunque también, resulta una herramienta de mucho valor en otros planos como Cirugía.

Tanto la Bibliografía, como la publicación sobre “Historia de la Tomografía” han sido una cooperación del Dr. Gustavo Moncada Cortés. ( gmoncada@adsl.tie.cl ).

J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011 Jan 19. [Epub ahead of print]

Analysis of the Anatomy of the Maxillary Sinus Septum Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography.

Park YB, Jeon HS, Shim JS, Woo Lee K, Moon HS.

Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE: Maxillary posterior teeth exhibit a high incidence of periodontal bone and tooth loss. After tooth loss, the edentulous alveolar process of the posterior maxilla is often affected by resorption, which results in loss of vertical bone volume. Moreover, progressive sinus pneumatization leads to a decrease in the alveolar process from the cranial side. The sinus elevation and augmentation surgical technique opened a new way of anchoring endosseous implants despite discernible bone reduction. However, the surgical interventions require in-depth knowledge of maxillary sinus anatomy such as sinus septum and potential variations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, location, height, morphology, and orientation of maxillary sinus septa by use of computed tomography (CT) and 3-dimensional imaging.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred patients undergoing implant treatment at the Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea, were randomly selected for analysis of maxillary sinus septa. CT and DentaScan (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI)-reformatted data from 400 sinuses were analyzed with the Preview program (Infinitt, Seoul, South Korea). Three-dimensional images were rendered for measurement by use of the Accurex program (CyberMed, Seoul, South Korea).

RESULTS: We found 111 septa in 400 maxillary sinuses (27.7%). This corresponded to 37% of the patients. Among total septa, 25 sinus septa (22.5%) were located in the anterior, 51 (45.9%) in the middle, and 35 (31.5%) in the posterior regions. The directional orientation analyses showed that 106 septa were buccopalatal, 4 were sagittal, and 1 was transverse type. The mean septal heights were 7.78 ± 2.99 and 7.89 ± 3.09 mm in the right and left sinuses, respectively.

CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional CT image analyses may provide useful information that can avoid unnecessary complications during sinus augmentation procedures by facilitating adequate, timely identification of the anatomic structures inherent to the maxillary sinus.

Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg. 2010 Jan;5(1):57-67. Epub 2009 Jul 24.

A fully 3D work context for oral implant planning and simulation.

Chiarelli T, Lamma E, Sansoni T.

Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44100 Ferrara, Italy. tommaso.chiarelli@unife.it

Abstract

PURPOSE: Most software systems for oral implantology are based on a two-dimensional multi-view approach, often accompanied with a surface rendered model. Usually they are affected by common errors like anisotropy of the volume and distortion on measurements. A more integrated and realistic 3D approach for implant surgery is desirable in order to gain a deeper and surer knowledge of patient’s anatomy before inserting the implants, thus reducing the risk of damaging surrounding structures. METHODS: We present a 3D software system for oral implant planning where computer graphic techniques have been used to create a smooth and user-friendly fully integrated 3D environment to work in. Both volume isotropy and correctness in measurements are obtained through slices interpolation to achieve, respectively, an isotropic voxel and the freedom of choosing arbitrarily, during the planning, the best cross-sectional plane. Correct orientation of the planned implants is also easily computed, by exploiting a radiological mask with radio-opaque markers, worn by the patient during the CT scan. RESULTS: Precision in measures was validated by considering several different scans and comparing the measures achieved with the ones got through the common methodology. It has been also calculated error percentages, algorithms efficiencies, and performances. Precision achieved outperforms usual DentaScan multi-view approach one, and it is comparable with or better than that obtained by the DentalVox tool (from 0.16 to 0.71% error in measures). CONCLUSIONS: The proposed software system provides a user-friendly, correct and precise work context for oral implant planning, avoiding similar software common errors. The 3D environment can be also exploited in the final surgical phase, in order to provide a flapless surgical guide, through the use of an anthropomorphic robot.

Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2008 Jun;9(2):65-70.

Low-dose CT protocol for orthodontic diagnosis.

Ballanti F, Lione R, Fiaschetti V, Fanucci E, Cozza P.

Department of Orthodontics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.

AIM: This was to correlate the dosimetric evaluation with high diagnostic accuracy by suggesting a protocol that significantly reduces the dose administered by a Dentascan exam without affecting diagnostic accuracy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 17 patients were selected Continue reading Tomografía DentaScan Bibliografía.